How to use this paycheck calculator
- Enter your pay. Choose salary or hourly, then pick how often you're paid. Hourly workers can add overtime; tipped workers can add reported tips.
- Match your W-4. Pick the filing status from Step 1(c) of your Form W-4, add dependents from Step 3, and tick Step 2 if you have a second job or a working spouse.
- Pick your state and city. We apply state income tax, mandatory state programs like California SDI or New York PFL, and city or county taxes such as NYC, Philadelphia or Maryland county tax.
- Add benefits. Include 401(k), health insurance and HSA contributions to see how pre-tax deductions shrink your tax bill.
- Claim the 2026 deductions. If you earn tips or overtime, or you're 65+, check the new W-4 deductions to see the bigger paycheck.
How your paycheck is calculated
Every paycheck follows the same formula:
Net pay = Gross pay − Pre-tax deductions − Federal income tax − Social Security − Medicare − State & local taxes − After-tax deductions
Here is the math for a single filer earning $60,000 a year in Texas, paid bi-weekly (26 paychecks), with a standard 2026 W-4 and no benefits:
| Line | Per paycheck | Per year |
|---|---|---|
| Gross pay | $2,307.69 | $60,000.00 |
| Federal income tax ($60,000 − $16,100 standard deduction, taxed at 10% and 12%) | −$193.08 | −$5,020.00 |
| Social Security (6.2%) | −$143.08 | −$3,720.00 |
| Medicare (1.45%) | −$33.46 | −$870.00 |
| Texas state income tax | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| Take-home pay | $1,938.08 | $50,390.00 |
That worker keeps 84.0% of gross pay. Move the same job to California and state income tax plus 1.3% SDI cut take-home to $1,845.02 per paycheck. In New York it is $1,825.25.
Step 1: Gross pay
Salaried workers divide annual salary by the number of pay periods: 52 weekly, 26 bi-weekly, 24 semi-monthly or 12 monthly. Hourly workers multiply rate × hours, and overtime over 40 hours a week is paid at 1.5× under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Use our salary to hourly calculator to convert between the two.
Step 2: Pre-tax deductions
Traditional 401(k) and 403(b) deferrals come out before federal income tax. Health, dental and vision premiums, HSA and FSA contributions run through a Section 125 cafeteria plan, so they also skip Social Security and Medicare. This is why a $200 pre-tax deduction usually shrinks your paycheck by only $140–$170.
Step 3: Federal income tax withholding
Employers follow IRS Publication 15-T. Your taxable pay is annualized, the $16,100 standard deduction (single) or $32,200 (married filing jointly) is removed, and the rest runs through the 2026 brackets. Then the W-4 credits come off: $2,200 per child under 17 and $500 per other dependent. If you tick Step 2 for two jobs, the brackets and deduction are cut in half so both jobs together withhold enough.
Step 4: FICA (Social Security and Medicare)
Social Security is 6.2% of wages up to the 2026 wage base of $184,500 (a maximum of $11,439). Medicare is 1.45% of all wages, plus a 0.9% Additional Medicare Tax that your employer must withhold on wages above $200,000. Your employer pays a matching 7.65% that never shows on your stub.
Step 5: State and local taxes
Forty-one states and D.C. tax wages. Some use one flat rate (Illinois 4.95%, Pennsylvania 3.07%, North Carolina 3.99%), others use brackets (California tops out at 13.3%). Several states also take mandatory payroll contributions for disability or paid leave, and cities such as New York City, Philadelphia and Detroit add their own income tax. Pick your state below for a breakdown.
2026 federal income tax brackets
These are the brackets for income earned in 2026 (returns filed in 2027). Withholding uses the same rates.